Obesity Medicine

Obesity & Cancer

Obesity is recognized as a major risk factor for several types of cancer, including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, endometrial, and liver cancers. Excess adipose tissue creates a pro-inflammatory environment, increases insulin and insulin-like growth factor levels, and alters hormone metabolism, promoting tumor growth and progression. Obesity also influences cancer prognosis, treatment efficacy, and survival rates. Preventive strategies, including weight management, healthy nutrition, and physical activity, are critical in reducing cancer risk. Understanding molecular mechanisms, such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and adipokine signaling, is essential for developing targeted therapies. Clinical management of obese cancer patients requires multidisciplinary care to address treatment challenges, including dosing considerations, surgical risks, and comorbidity management. Research continues to explore the relationship between obesity and tumor biology, the impact of weight loss interventions on cancer outcomes, and potential therapeutic targets. Raising awareness about the link between obesity and cancer is vital for public health education and prevention strategies.