Obesity Medicine

Obesity Causes

Obesity is a multifactorial condition resulting from the interplay of genetic, environmental, behavioral, and hormonal factors. Excessive caloric intake, sedentary lifestyles, and poor dietary habits are primary contributors. Genetic predisposition can influence appetite regulation, energy expenditure, and fat distribution, making some individuals more susceptible to weight gain. Hormonal imbalances, including insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and thyroid dysfunction, further complicate weight regulation. Environmental factors such as urbanization, high-calorie food availability, and socioeconomic status play a significant role. Psychological factors, including stress, emotional eating, and sleep deprivation, also contribute to obesity. Chronic use of certain medications, such as steroids, antipsychotics, and some antihypertensives, can lead to weight gain. Understanding the underlying causes is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. Comprehensive interventions must address lifestyle, behavioral, hormonal, and environmental factors to achieve sustainable weight management. Research continues to identify new genetic markers, metabolic pathways, and environmental influences to better predict and prevent obesity.